Cyber Security

Sometimes, an organization needs to know how robust its system defense guard is, and penetration testing can be a solution. This attack simulation test will help in evaluating which aspect of the system needs to be improved for better security.

We will learn more about penetration testing, its benefits, types, stages, and pros and cons. Are you keen on learning more? Read on!

What is Penetration Testing?

Penetration testing, also popular as a pen test, is an attack simulation employed by a computer system to check for vulnerabilities and security levels. Typically, it uses similar attack models attackers perform to identify weak spots.

By conducting this test, an organization can prevent potential future attacks by real attackers using the same method.

What are the Benefits of Penetration Testing?

While an organization system is basically already armed with a relevant security system, pen tests are still needed. This test brings several benefits to further improve several aspects, including:

• Security weaknesses
• Controls robustness
• Regulation compliance
• Budget justification
• Breach prevention

An organization can refine its overall system stability when a regular pen test is conducted.

What are the Types of Pen Tests?

There are five types of pen tests conducted by organizations that employ “ethical” hackers, including:

Open-box Pen Test

This test provides hackers with some target company security information before the test.

Closed-box Pen Test

In contrast to the previous one, this test left hackers with no information but the target company name before the test.

External Pen Test

Living up to its name, this test lets hackers perform the test and employ the attack via external systems, such as external network servers. In some cases, they can also conduct the attack remotely or anywhere outside the target company’s building.

Internal Pen Test

Conversely, an internal pen test involves hackers performing an attack inside the company’s network. 

Covert Pen Test

This test is performed without anyone in the company aware that a test is happening, not even the IT team. To ensure safe performance, the hackers must possess full knowledge of the company and related regulations.

Penetration Testing Stages

We can break down the pen testing stages into five steps, which are: 

Planning and Reconnaissance

This initial step ensures the security team gathers information about the target system (infrastructure, network, and potential attack vectors), identifies potential vulnerabilities, plans the testing approach, and defines the test goals.

Scanning

During scanning, the testers use automated tools to actively probe the target system for vulnerabilities. They look for open ports, services, and potential weaknesses, aiming to discover entry points for further exploitation.

Typically, this step is done using static or dynamic analysis.

Gaining Access

In this stage, testers attempt to exploit identified vulnerabilities to gain unauthorized access, aiming to simulate how a hacker could enter the system. They may use techniques like password cracking, SQL injection, or exploiting software flaws.

Maintaining Access

Once access is gained, testers try to maintain their presence without being detected. They explore lateral movement within the network, escalate privileges, and establish persistence.

Analysis

A study reveals that this whole test could only become effective if the results are used to solve the vulnerabilities detected. Hence, after completing the tests, the team analyzes the results. They assess the impact of vulnerabilities and the data accessed, provide remediation recommendations, and deliver a comprehensive report to the organization.

The Pros and Cons of Penetration Testing

With the obligation to adhere to security regulations each year, pen testing can bring several pros and cons to an organization. The pros include:

• Find weaknesses in security practices, including in the software and tools used
• Simulate real-world hacker attacks
• Prepare the team to be more vigilant about attacks

Meanwhile, the cons of this test are:

• Costly. A study found an average of $18,300 per test.
• Laborious
• Doesn’t completely prevent flaws from entering the system

Frequently Asked Questions

Conclusion

Penetration testing is vital in enhancing an organization’s cybersecurity by revealing vulnerabilities and testing the resilience of existing security systems. By simulating attacks, organizations can proactively address security gaps, ensuring compliance and enhancing overall system robustness.

If you need further assistance or have any other requests, contact Fluxgate now!